Four conversion and checking tools you will use constantly:

Tool	Does	Example	Result
`int(x)`	makes a whole number	`int("42")`	`42`
`float(x)`	makes a decimal number	`float("2.5")`	`2.5`
`str(x)`	makes a string	`str(42)`	`"42"`
`type(x)`	tells you what type x is	`type(42)`	`<class 'int'>`

print(type("42"))
print(type(42))
print(type(4.2))
print(int("42") + 1)
print(float("2.5") * 2)

Use int when the answer must be whole (an age, a number of tickets) and float when it might have a decimal point (a price, a height).